Webster

The Constitution was made to guard the people against the dangers of good intentions." --American Statesman Daniel Webster (1782-1852)


Thursday, May 31, 2018

Some Pics of the "KonigsTiger" and a bit of History

The Germans built some of the most sophisticated weapons of the 2nd World War and unfortunately the ultra-sophistication of the weapons in wartime was a hindrance for them, and lucky for us.



The German Tiger II heavy tank is disputably one of the best tanks of the entire World War II, and despite it’s flaws it was also one of the most fearsome.  Armed with an 88mm KwK 43 gun, this 70-tonne kitty was able to penetrate any tank from the Allied arsenal including the Soviet heavy tanks. An experienced gunner, able to estimate the range properly, had one more advantage – it was deadly accurate.
Presented on the Western Front in mid 1944, when air superiority was in the hands of Allies, the full capabilities of German armored divisions even with the Tiger II were seriously limited. On the Eastern Front, the first divisions outfitted with the Tiger II introduced themselves only in autumn of 1944.
Although targeting was somewhat of a challenge when the enemy was further than 2000m, anything in sight below that distance was easy prey. It was heavy, designed to shoot from a distance, and had thick sloped frontal armor. Regardless of it’s relatively slow speed, no sane foe was willing to take its chances in a duel against it. Luckily for the Allies, it was a rare machine with less than 500 seeing production.
The 501st Heavy Panzer Battalion was the first unit fully equipped with the Tigers B, with 25 in total. However with it’s late introduction, the Tiger II couldn’t change the fate of the war, and only served to slow down the inevitable outcome. Less than in a year after the Tiger II’s first engagements,  Berlin fell and the war was over.
Tiger IIs with the narrower “transport tracks”, of Schwere Heeres Panzer Abteilung 503 (s.H.Pz.Abt. 503) ‘Feldherrnhalle’ posing in formation for the German newsreel. Photo: Bundesarchiv, Bild

Königstigers in Northern France, 1944. Photo: Bundesarchiv, Bild
Problems with the King Tiger
The biggest enemy of the Panzerkampfwagen Tiger Ausf. B was… its own “body”. An under-powered engine and common malfunctions resulted in ten Tigers to be stopped on a 10 km route while assigned to the command of 16th Panzer Division. German sappers also had to reinforce all the bridges in its way.
When the Soviets captured a few examples of Tigers, they concluded the same – it was under-powered, had limited maneuverability due to it’s extreme weight, was prone to malfunctions, and had significant design defects (mainly in the propulsion system). Basically was overcomplicated.


They also discovered that the quality of German was considerably worse when compared to earlier versions of the Tiger I and Panther tanks. This is likely attributable to a lack of resources during manufacturing late in the war, but it’s worth noting that malfunctions were also a merit of slave labor, brave prisoners who intentionally sabotaged their work.  When I was at Ford, I was talking to my foreman in the late 90's and he was telling me a story, he was an older gentleman and worked his way from hourly to supervisor.  Actually was a nice guy.  But I digress, he noticed a book I was reading at the time called "DeathTraps", it was about the American Sherman and he told me that his dad was a driver on a Sherman and that a German Soldier got the drop on them with a ""Panzerfaust" and his dad told him "We were toast, the guy had us cold, but when he pushed the trigger, it blew up on him".  That kinda gave me chills, I remembered reading stories about the convict labor sabotaging German armaments as they left the factory and many of them got caught and executed by the Gestapo.
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower, supreme commander of the Allied expeditionary forces, inspects an overturned German tank left by a roadside in France.
While the armor was still impenetrable, it was likely to crack, even from the inside. In the second half of the war, Germany was short on resources of all kinds. The design commissioned by Albert Speer (Minister of Armaments and War Production) in 1943 was not only costly in precious materials and burned a lot of fuel, but was also time-consuming.
Orders were placed for around 1500, yet Allied bombings and the sheer cost reduced production to a third of that target – one was built in 1943, 379 in 1944, and 112 in 1945. The cost for one Tiger II was double that of a Tiger I and 5 times that of a Panther. In contrast, the Soviets could produce 10 T-34’s for about the same amount. Production of T-34’s armed with an 85mm gun alone reached 22,559.One on one the Tiger was superior, but they got swarmed by the T-34's or Shermans.
British troops inspect a knocked out King Tiger tank in Le Plessis-Grimoult, 10 August 1944
Clumsiness
One of the biggest uses of Tigers II occurred during the Ardennes Offensive. Hitler wanted to again use the iron fist of Blitzkrieg tactics against his enemies. It worked well in 1939-1942 when the Luftwaffe had air superiority and the Panzer corps were outfitted with fast, mobile tanks.
Rear view. Photo: Bundesarchiv, Bild
In December 1944, the situation was much different. Monstrous and ponderous Tigers B were clumsy and slow. They blocked local bridges and were often more than a burden than a help.

Allies tried to avoid any direct confrontation with them, which wasn’t a difficult task in the heavily wooded areas of the Ardennes. Infantry had their hands full with the Tiger II but were able to use mines and Bazookas with some degree of success in disabling the behemoths.
After the Battle of Bulge, the Americans also captured several of the Tiger II’s and sent them for evaluation back to the US.
Their conclusion mirrored the Soviets, and American engineers were perplexed about what drove the Germans to build such a design.  The reason for the Germans building the King Tiger was Hitler's obsession for the bigger and better.  I saw pics of the MAUS, Hitler was obsessed about bigger and bigger.  He was wanting a "land battleship".  Ironically, the Americans were working on the T-29 Heavy Tank at the time, in which the weight and size were comparable.
When King Tiger 105, commanded by SS-Obersturmführer Jürgen Wessel, was struck by bazooka fire, the driver reversed into the debris of a house and got stuck. The crew abandoned the tank on Rue St. Emilion in Stavelot, Belgium. Wessell jumped on the next tank and continued west towards Trois Ponts.


What made Tiger II so special then? Its gun, tests estimated its maximum range at 3800 meters, firepower was simply perfect, and accuracy was simply shocking. The whole barrel was very stable after a shot and it was capable of firing 9 shells in 35 seconds (during tests).
The high velocity also made it easy to shoot at moving targets. All of the above suggest that Panzerkampfwagen Tiger Ausf. B was created for an Eastern Front “habitat” where in the boundless flat terrain it’s terrific gun and thick sloped armor would diminish most of its drawbacks.
Close-up at the turret and barrel. Photo: Bundesarchiv, Bild
More Photos
France, June 1944. Photo: Bundesarchiv, Bild

Captured German Tiger II (Königstiger) tank with temporary U.S. markings. Note 88-mm gun with muzzle brake.

Destroyed in Normandy, 1944

A Tiger II of s.H.Pz.Abt. 503 and Hungarian troops in a battle-scarred street in Buda’s Castle district, October 1944. Photo: Bundesarchiv, Bild

A King Tiger of the 503rd heavy tank battalion, after it has been rammed by a British Sherman commanded by Lieutenant John Gorman of the 2nd Armoured Irish Guards, Guards Armoured Division during Operation Goodwood. Gorman and his crew then captured most of the Tiger’s crew. The event took place on 18 July 1944 to the west of Cagny, Normandy, France.

Tigers II in France, July 1944. Photo: Bundesarchiv, Bild

Four German heavy tanks at the Panzer experimental establishment in Haustenbeck near Paderborn

Close view of Zimmerit on the turret of a Tiger II. Photo: Bundesarchiv, Bild

Tiger II knocked out by two AP rounds – Eastern Front 1944
 
Front view. Note the damage on the bottom.




Panzerkampfwagen VI Tiger II (104) in the Bovington Tank Museum. Photo: Simon Q /

Panzerkampfwagen VI Tiger II (213) in the December 44 Museum. Photo: Uwe Brodrecht /

Panzerkampfwagen VI Tiger II (233) in the Musée des Blindés

Panzerkampfwagen VI Tiger II (502) in the Kubinka Museum

Panzerkampfwagen VI Tiger II (341) in the Swiss Militärmuseum Full, Notice the barrel

Panzerkampfwagen VI Tiger II (321) in the Panzermuseum Munster

Panzerkampfwagen VI Tiger II at the Panzermuseum Thun. Photo: Benutzer Chlempi /

Panzerkampfwagen VI Tiger II in the Patton Museum
 

2 comments:

  1. That is a great post, Mr. G. Love your history. I learn something every time which fills my head with much needed knowledge. The Germans. So brilliant and so evil all in the same war. Crazy.

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    Replies
    1. Hey Momma Fargo;

      You are welcome. I learned a bit working this post also. The Germans were brilliant and the Nazi's were evil. I understand why they did what they did but I didn't agree with it. The Nazi's came to power because the allies France and England wanted to punish the Germans for WWI and their zeal, set the stage for WWII. That is why after WWII, the Allies used the Marshall plan to reconstruct Europe and hopefully forestall a WWIII.

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I had to change the comment format on this blog due to spammers, I will open it back up again in a bit.